Foliar heavy metal uptake, toxicity and detoxification in plants: A comparison of foliar and root metal uptake

Foliar heavy metal uptake, toxicity and detoxification in plants: A comparison of foliar and root metal uptake.

Anthropologic activities have transformed global biogeochemical cycling of heavy metals by emitting considerable quantities of these metals into the atmosphere from diverse sources. In spite of substantial and progressive developments in industrial processes and techniques to reduce environmental emissions, atmospheric contamination by toxic heavy metals and associated ecological and health ris...

Lead uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants.

Lead has gained considerable attention as a persistent toxic pollutant of concern,partly because it has been prominent in the debate concerning the growing anthropogenic pressure on the environment. The purpose of this review is to describe how plants take lead up and to link such uptake to the ecotoxicity of lead in plants.Moreover, we address the mechanisms by which plants or plant systems de...

Proteomics of heavy metal toxicity in plants.

Plants endure a variety of abiotic and biotic stresses, all of which cause major limitations to production. Among abiotic stressors, heavy metal contamination represents a global environmental problem endangering humans, animals, and plants. Exposure to heavy metals has been documented to induce changes in the expression of plant proteins. Proteins are macromolecules directly responsible for mo...

Heavy Metal Detoxification in Plants: Phytochelatin Biosynthesis and Function

Plants have evolved an extensive suite of adaptive responses to heavy metal toxicity. These include the immobilisation, exclusion, chelation and compartmentalisation of metal ions and often involve metal-binding ligands. A number of such ligands have been identified in plants and include organic acids, amino acids, peptides and polypeptides. Polypeptides include the metallothioneins (MTs), smal...

Phytoextraction of Heavy Metal by Hyperaccumulating and Non Hyperaccumulating Plants: Comparison of Cadmium Uptake and Storage Mechanisms in the Plants